In a sweeping move to bolster domestic energy production and reinvigorate the coal industry, the U.S. Department of the Interior announced a series of policy changes that mark a significant shift toward coal as a primary pillar of the nation’s energy strategy.

Under the direction of an Executive Order from President Donald J. Trump, the Interior Department is undertaking what officials describe as a decisive effort to restore coal’s central role in the American economy. The initiative includes reopening federal lands to coal leasing, streamlining regulations, and providing financial relief to coal operators—all aimed at reinforcing national energy security and supporting rural economies.

“The Golden Age is here, and we are starting to ‘Mine, Baby, Mine’ for clean American coal,” declared Interior Secretary Doug Burgum in a statement. “Interior is unlocking America’s full potential in energy dominance and economic development to make life more affordable for every American family while showing the world the power of America’s natural resources and innovation.”

Key Policy Shifts

Ending the Federal Coal Leasing Moratorium:

A cornerstone of the announcement is the formal conclusion of the federal coal leasing moratorium initially introduced in 2016 under the Obama administration. The Bureau of Land Management (BLM) confirmed that it will no longer conduct environmental reviews tied to the halted leasing program, eliminating a longstanding source of legal ambiguity. The move comes after a 2024 federal appeals court decision declared the moratorium effectively ended, further clearing the path for new coal leases.

Reopening Lands in Key Coal Regions:

The BLM will initiate amendments to resource management plans in Wyoming and Montana, specifically in the Buffalo and Miles City areas. These regions encompass the Powder River Basin, one of the nation’s most prolific coal-producing areas. The proposed revisions aim to ease restrictions and increase access to untapped federal coal reserves.

Reducing Regulatory Oversight:

In line with Secretary’s Order 3418, the Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement will revise the Ten-Day Notice Rule. The revision would scale back portions of the 2024 rule and restore elements from the 2020 version, returning greater regulatory authority to states and reducing what federal officials describe as “burdensome oversight.”

Royalty Relief for Coal Operators:

Interior is also expediting the process for granting temporary royalty rate reductions for coal extracted from public lands. This change is intended to keep struggling mines operational and preserve local tax revenue, while promoting long-term recovery of federal coal resources.

A Contested Legacy

The announcement reignites debate over the federal government’s role in shaping the energy landscape. Advocates argue the rollback of regulations and support for coal will bring much-needed economic benefits to mining communities and bolster U.S. energy independence. Critics, however, warn the move undermines environmental progress and prolongs dependence on fossil fuels.

Interior officials assert that the initiative balances economic development with responsible resource management, positioning coal as a key element in a “diversified and secure” energy portfolio.

As the Department of the Interior pushes forward with these sweeping changes, the coal industry may find a new lease on life—both figuratively and literally—on America’s federally managed lands.