Today, two-income families are the exception rather than the rule; child care issues often arise when both mom and dad work full time.

Here's why the other 62 percent of employees surveyed called in sick:

• 23 percent cited family issues

• 18 percent “personal needs”

• 11 percent “too stressed out”

• 10 percent were attributed to an “entitlement mentality,” i.e., sick leave is perceived as the same thing as vacation time, so employees feel they have the right to use it as they please.

Read between the lines, and I think you'll find a single fundamental reason behind many of the excuses. Sure, some of those 62 percent who call in sick may be just goofing off, but I bet many “family issues … personal needs … stressed out … entitlement” excuses stem from noble attempts to be good caregivers to family members.

According to the National Family Caregivers Association, more than 50 million Americans are taking care of chronically ill, aged or disabled family members. That's about one out of every six people who are faced with such challenges. The numbers ring true because the baby boomers of my generation are starting to approach retirement age. So if we're getting old, that means our surviving parents are REALLY old.

Add to them the young families faced with child care issues while mom and dad both work full time - two-income families being the rule rather than the exception these days. Then factor in various studies showing that Americans are working increasingly longer hours at the same time these extracurricular demands on their time are increasing. No surprise that folks are calling in sick at an increasing rate.

Many employers are inclined to say, “That's not my problem.” Their employees have a job to do, and if they can't do it, they don't belong on the payroll.

It's your right as an employer to react that way, but I think it's shortsighted. Compassion aside, the labor market isn't exactly overflowing with people clamoring for the jobs you offer. A good way to gain a competitive edge on most other small businesses drawing from the same shrunken talent pool would be to find ways to accommodate the needs of caregivers with flexible work schedules.

Is flextime an option for your company? Abandoning 4-inch wells. Photo courtesy of the U.S. EPA.

Flextime

But when you think things through, ask yourself if it is really necessary for all work to be done at your office during traditional business hours? Certainly, there are a lot of office chores that can be done off-site after hours. Most contractors know this to be true from their early experiences working for themselves. Daytime hours got devoted to billable labor, while the paperwork got filled out in the evening. Knowing this, is there any reason why bookkeepers have to be prisoners of the same daytime work shifts as your field crews? And is it absolutely necessary for them to come to the office every day to do their work when all of their spreadsheets and documents are accessible online?

Field crews are harder than office staff to accommodate with flextime, but that doesn't mean it's impossible. Obviously, they can't telecommute, and their working hours may be dictated by jobsite circumstances. But I've heard of plenty of construction crews given the opportunity to work 4-10s. People tend to like them because it gives them an extra day off each week, and cuts down on the hassles of beating traffic. Opportunities also exist to cut some slack with comp time policies, i.e., giving someone a weekday off to be compensated by after-hours or Saturday work at regular pay.

Yes, such accommodations present challenges to the employer. Supervision can become problematic. Fairness issues arise if the same opportunities are not made available to all employees who might desire them. Productivity needs to be monitored to make sure it doesn't nosedive. But all of these issues need to be weighed against the costs associated with absenteeism, turnover, fatigue and all the other baggage resulting from rigid work schedules.

That “other baggage” doesn't always manifest itself directly in the form of unscheduled absences. People with care-giving responsibilities tend to spend a lot of time on the phone dealing with household issues while on job. They are susceptible to fatigue and poor morale, which lead to mistakes, accidents, conflicts and health problems. They may turn down promotions, overtime and special assignments. All of this creates its own set of hassles for a business.

Who Gets It, Who Doesn't?

First, ask yourself if it really is a problem. How many people in your company would want to work off-hour shifts or 4-10s? It's not for everyone. (Some union agreements require paying overtime to workers who put in more than eight hours in a day. Obviously, 4-10 shifts would not be viable in such cases.)

Then ask, what would happen if a bunch of people did want the same flextime privileges? In some cases, maybe it could be done without disruption to business. If it does create some problems, then you have to decide whether certain individuals are important enough to justify a policy exception. If it's someone well-respected by other employees, they'd probably be understanding in most cases, especially if it's in response to a health problem or care-giving situation. If the person in need of special consideration has a great deal of seniority, that makes it easier for co-workers to swallow.

The other major objection comes from the belief that people won't be as productive working from home or without supervision. This shouldn't be too hard to measure. If you can document that flextime beneficiaries aren't pulling their weight, then it's time for management to have a heart-to-heart talk with them, just as they would any other slacking employee. Suggestions and goals can be set for improvement, and if the problem persists, it may be necessary to reconsider flextime.

However, what I think you'd find more often than not is that flextime workers would redouble their efforts to prove the arrangement can serve the common good. There aren't too many companies out there offering flextime, so people would have an incentive to do all they can to preserve the policy.

It's also worth noting that caregivers exhibit traits of humanity, dedication and responsibility. These tend to be the kind of people you want working for you. Treat them with consideration, and you are likely to benefit from their services for a long time.

Providing elder care is a growing reality for many in this country.

Be a Resource Center

For starters, check out The National Family Caregivers Association, www.nfcacares.org. Another great resource is the Area Agency on Aging, www.loaa.org.
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