Time Domain Reflectometry is a remote-sensing electrical measurement technique that has been used for many years to determine the spatial location and nature of various objects.
Time
Domain Reflectometry (TDR) is a remote-sensing electrical measurement technique
that has been used for many years to determine the spatial location and nature
of various objects. A coaxial cable is placed in the ground, and pulses are
sent down the cable. When an earthquake or structural fault damages the cable,
the readings on monitoring equipment attached to the cable will alert users to
compromised structural integrity.
An early form of TDR, dating from the 1930s, which most people are familiar
with is radar. Radar consists of a radio transmitter, which emits a short pulse
of microwave energy, a directional antenna and a sensitive radio receiver.
After the transmitter has radiated the pulse, the receiver then listens for an
echo to return from a distant object. By measuring the time from the
transmission of the pulse until the echo returns and knowing the speed of
light, the distance to the reflecting object is calculated. Detailed analysis
of the echo can reveal additional details of the reflecting object. Researchers
soon recognized that there was a significant relationship between the
dielectric properties of soil, rock and other materials and their moisture
contents.
ITI was designed as a model for transferring infrastructure technologies from
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and moving them to the practical world, educating future leaders, and tackling
tough relevant management and policy challenges.
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