This four-part series finishes up with a look into the membrane filtration process.
However, the effectiveness of membrane filtration is sensitive to a variety of untreated water contaminants and characteristics. It also produces a larger volume of residuals and tends to be more expensive than other arsenic treatment technologies. Therefore, it is used less frequently than precipitation/coprecipitation, adsorption and ion exchange. It is most commonly used to treat ground water and drinking water, or as a polishing step for precipitation processes.